Process of building an instrument to monitor women's adaptation to breast cancer
Keywords:
Breast cancer, adaptation, coping, nursing interventionsAbstract
Oncologic disease is an aversive context, stressor, to which the person responds in the attempt to repair the troubled relation between herself and the environment, triggering a process of adaptation. The monitoring of the adaptation of patients along the health/illness transition, using indicators sensitive to nursing care, will enhance the design of effective and efficient nursing therapeutics, with repercussions on care improvement. We went for the construction of a measuring instrument due to lack a scale that assesses the construct adaptation, focused on the results.
Objective: To describe the second part of the construction of a measuring instrument that aims to evaluate the adaptation of women to breast cancer and that is sensitive to nursing care process.
Methodology: Approach: exploratory, qualitative and quantitative. The building process took place over six stages, five of which have been described in a previous article: literature review; interviews with people with breast cancer who belong to a self-help group, selection of outcome indicators sensitive to nursing care, as described in the NOC; critical reading of the connections of the NANDA and NOC classifications; analysis by the expert panel. This article describes the sixth stage of construction of the measuring instrument that includes conducting a survey on the National Institutes of Oncology.
Results: The results of this study culminated in a scale called “Instrument for monitoring the adaptation of women to breast cancer,” which consists of 35 outcome indicators.
Discussion: In the process of construction of the scale it is evident the multidimensionality of the construct “adaptation”. Based on NOC, it is found that the measuring instrument aggregates 18 fields which unfold into 35 items that correspond to the outcome indicators sensitive to nursing care.
Conclusion: We describe the last part of the construction of a measuring instrument that aims to evaluate the result of the adaptation of women to breast cancer, and that ensures its content validity process. The instrument can be a contribution to clinical utility, enabling nurses to monitor the result of their interventions towards a healthy transition.
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