Systematic review on the effectiveness of traditional educational method and telenursing in teaching the person for stoma self-care

Abstract

The performance of a stoma imposes the experience of a health/disease transition process, as it requires the person to acquire new knowledge and fundamental skills in order to manage stoma self-care. The nurse’s role is crucial in this regard, because he/she is the health team member in charge of teaching and preparing the person for stoma self-care.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the joint use of the traditional educational method with telenursing and the isolated use of the traditional educational method in teaching the person for stoma self-care. The electronic survey was conducted in the CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science reference databases for scientific research on nursing, from 1 to 27 April 2015, with the search term limited to the title, abstract and keywords: (ostom* OR stoma) AND (“teaching method*” OR “teaching strateg*” OR “teaching alternative*” OR “stoma education*” OR “ostom* education*” OR telenurs*) AND (nursing OR nurse*). 4 articles were selected out of the 73 that were identified, according to the inclusion criteria, namely research studies developed in the nursing field that compared the traditional educational method associated with telenursing with the isolated traditional educational method in adults with stoma without cognitive, motor or sensory impairment available in full and published since 1995. Three studies report that a person with stoma has more knowledge and better self-care attitudes and behaviors when there is an association between the methods, however, one study found no significant differences when comparing the effectiveness between the isolated use of the traditional educational method and the joint use of the traditional educational method with telenursing. The
different results that were obtained may be due to the fact that the strategies included in the educational method integrating telenursing differ between studies, and that is a limitation.

It was concluded that the joint use of the traditional educational method and telenursing in teaching the person with stoma seems to be more effective than the isolated use of the traditional educational method. However, further studies are needed to compare and prove the effectiveness of these educational methods, as well as the different telenursing strategies used in the development of self-care competence of the person with stoma.