Avaliação e tratamento da dor irruptiva oncológica
Palavras-chave:
Dor irruptiva oncológica, DIO, dor oncológica, tratamento da dor, morfina, fentaniloResumo
A dor irruptiva oncológica (DIO) é definida como uma exacerbação transitória da dor que ocorre quer espontaneamente quer desencadeada por um fator específico (previsível ou imprevisível), apesar do relativamente estável e adequado controlo da dor basal. É fundamental identificar claramente que se trata de um episódio de DIO e não de dor crónica basal mal controlada.
O tratamento farmacológico consiste em medicação de resgate – formulações orais de libertação normal de morfina (p.ex. Sevredol®, Oramorph® - Short Acting Opioid - SAO) e formulações de libertação rápida como o fentanilo sublingual, película bucal e transmucoso (p.ex. Abstral®, Breakyl® e Actiq® - Rapid Onset Opioid - ROO).
É essencial que os enfermeiros saibam realizar uma avaliação adequada da DIO, saibam ensinar o doente a gerir o esquema terapêutico e saibam reavaliar. Os objetivos da reavaliação são determinar a eficácia e tolerabilidade do tratamento da DIO e se houve ou não alguma alteração da sua natureza. Uma reavaliação inadequada pode levar à continuação de um tratamento ineficaz e/ou inapropriado.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 Juliana Santos, Carina Raposo, António Oliveira, Ana Leonor Ribeiro
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
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