Da angiogénese à terapêutica oncológica antiangiogénica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31877/on.2013.23.01Resumo
Os avanços ocorridos na área da biologia molecular possibilitam uma melhor compreensão dos mecanismos de carcinogénese. Nestes, destaca-se a angiogénese como o processo através do qual as células tumorais estimulam a formação dos novos vasos sanguíneos necessários para o fornecimento dos nutrientes essenciais para seu crescimento acelerado. A angiogénese tumoral é regulada pela produção de estimuladores da angiogénese, incluindo membros da família dos factores de crescimento do endotélio vascular (VEGF) e dos factores de crescimento dos fibroblastos (FGF).
Os tumores podem activar inibidores angiogénicos como a angiostatina e a endostatina, que podem modular a angiogénese, tanto no local do tumor como em locais metastáticos. O uso de inibidores angiogénicos como drogas antineoplásicas está actualmente sob intensa investigação. Tais agentes podem ter uma toxicidade reduzida e serem menos susceptíveis de gerar resistência do que as drogas citotóxicas convencionais. Os ensaios clínicos estão em andamento para desenvolver estratégias de tratamento ideal com os agentes antiangiogénicos.
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Direitos de Autor (c) 2023 M. Jorge Freitas Almeida
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-CompartilhaIgual 4.0.
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